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Tort Claims Against Gun Manufacturers for Crime-Related Injuries: Defining a Suitable Role for the Tort System in Regulating the Firearms Industry

机译：侵权行为针对枪支制造商的犯罪相关索赔：界定侵权行为系统在规范枪支行业中的适当作用

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摘要

Gun violence is a serious problem in the U.S. For many years, in order to decrease gun violence, the sale and possession of firearms has been regulated by statute. This article argues that tort claims against gun manufacturers can complement legislative regulation, providing gun sellers and manufacturers with incentives to take reasonable measures to prevent gun sales to criminals. The article does not, however, endorse all tort claims against the gun industry. It argues in favor only of narrowly tailored claims that identify specific marketing and sales practices that increase the risk that guns will be used to commit crimes. The likely effect of such claims would be to make the firearms industry more responsible and to reduce gun violence.This article advocates an essential, albeit secondary, role for the tort system in regulating the gun industry. Legislatures ought to decide whether and under what circumstances the sale of guns should be legal. The tort system, by means of liability exposure, ought to discourage attempts by manufacturers to legally circumvent the aims of the regulatory system. On one hand, this article advocates a greater role for the tort system than those who view tort claims against the gun industry as illegitimate attempts to achieve more stringent regulation of the gun industry through the court system, following failure to do so in state legislatures and Congress. On the other hand, this article advocates a more modest role for the tort system than those who view the tort system as a primary source for industry reform, free of the corrupting political influences that distort legislative policy making.
机译：枪支暴力在美国是一个严重的问题。多年来，为了减少枪支暴力，法规已经规定了枪支的销售和拥有。本文认为，针对枪支制造商的侵权诉讼可以补充法律法规，为枪支销售商和制造商提供动力，采取合理措施防止枪支销售给犯罪分子。但是，该文章并不支持所有针对枪支行业的侵权索赔。它仅主张狭义的主张，这些主张指出了特定的营销和销售行为，这些行为增加了使用枪支犯罪的风险。这种主张的可能效果是使枪支行业更具责任感并减少枪支暴力。本文主张，尽管侵权行为是次要的，但侵权法在规范枪支行业中起着至关重要的作用。立法机关应决定枪支的销售是否合法以及在何种情况下应合法。侵权责任制度应通过承担责任的方式来阻止制造商企图从法律上规避监管制度目标的企图。一方面，本文主张的侵权行为系统要比那些认为针对枪支行业的侵权诉讼是在州立法机关和立法机关未能这样做的非法企图通过法院系统对枪支行业进行更严格的监管的人主张的。国会。另一方面，与那些将侵权制度视为行业改革的主要来源的人相比，本文主张的侵权制度应发挥更为适度的作用，而不会受到会破坏立法政策制定的腐败政治影响。

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    Lytton, Timothy D.;

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  • 年度 2000
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